Ann\u00e9es France-Cor\u00e9e : le document oubli\u00e9 - Asialyst<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Avant Gutenberg, la Cor\u00e9e inventait l'imprimerie \u00e0 caract\u00e8res mobiles en m\u00e9tal. Premier imprim\u00e9, le Jikji, anthologie du zen, se cache \u00e0 Paris.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/asialyst.com\/fr\/2015\/10\/12\/annees-france-coree-le-document-oublie\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ann\u00e9es France-Cor\u00e9e : le document oubli\u00e9 - Asialyst\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Avant Gutenberg, la Cor\u00e9e inventait l'imprimerie \u00e0 caract\u00e8res mobiles en m\u00e9tal. 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Premier imprim\u00e9, le Jikji, anthologie du zen, se cache \u00e0 Paris.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/asialyst.com\\\/fr\\\/2015\\\/10\\\/12\\\/annees-france-coree-le-document-oublie\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/asialyst.com\\\/fr\\\/2015\\\/10\\\/12\\\/annees-france-coree-le-document-oublie\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/asialyst.com\\\/fr\\\/2015\\\/10\\\/12\\\/annees-france-coree-le-document-oublie\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/asialyst.com\\\/fr\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2015\\\/10\\\/COREE-JIKJI.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/asialyst.com\\\/fr\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2015\\\/10\\\/COREE-JIKJI.jpg\",\"width\":500,\"height\":400,\"caption\":\"Le Jikji, ou \u201cAnthologie des enseignements zen des grands pr\u00eatres bouddhistes\u201d, fut publi\u00e9 en 1377 en Cor\u00e9e durant la dynastie Koryo. 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\n\t\tNos confr\u00e8res cor\u00e9ens entendent montrer \u00e0 l’\u00e9cran l’histoire du Jikji<\/em>, le fameux premier livre imprim\u00e9 sous le royaume de Koryo, en Cor\u00e9e, \u00e0 l’aide de caract\u00e8res mobiles m\u00e9talliques. La pr\u00e9cision \u00e0 son importance, car on sait aujourd’hui que les Chinois ne se sont pas seulement content\u00e9s d’inventer la poudre \u00e0 canon et la boussole. Ils sont aussi \u00e0 l’origine du papier, des billets de banque et de la premi\u00e8re forme d’imprimerie. D\u00e8s 1040 en effet, dans l’ancienne capitale imp\u00e9riale de la dynastie des Song du Nord dans le centre-est de la Chine, Bi Sheng s’emploie \u00e0 reproduire des \u00e9crits \u00e0 partir de caract\u00e8res mobiles en terre cuite. Pour les pr\u00e9misses de l’imprimerie industrielle en revanche, les Cor\u00e9ens \u00e9taient sur le coup bien avant Gutenberg. Les caract\u00e8res mobiles en m\u00e9tal remonteraient ainsi \u00e0 1234 en Cor\u00e9e, et le plus ancien exemplaire encore visible de livre imprim\u00e9 \u00e0 partir de cette technique serait le fameux deuxi\u00e8me tome du Jikji<\/em> datant de 1377 et conserv\u00e9 aujourd’hui au sein du d\u00e9partement des Manuscrits orientaux de la BNF \u00e0 Paris. Et le premier volume alors ? Myst\u00e8re et boule de com ! Certains aventuriers de l’arche perdue veulent croire au Graal et racontent \u00e0 qui veut l\u2019entendre que le document se trouve quelque part sur les rayonnages de la Biblioth\u00e8que Nationale de Pyongyang. Mais pour la plupart des sp\u00e9cialistes, le tome 1 des pr\u00e9cieux \u00e9crits a depuis longtemps \u00e9t\u00e9 perdu en Cor\u00e9e.\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n
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Biblioth\u00e9caire \u00ab\u00a0espionne\u00a0\u00bb<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
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\n\t\tDans leur travail documentaire, nos confr\u00e8res cor\u00e9ens se sont rendus en Allemagne au Mus\u00e9e Gutenberg. Apr\u00e8s Paris, ils comptent aussi faire un tour du c\u00f4t\u00e9 d Avignon, de Londres, de Venise et surtout de Rome. \u00ab\u00a0M\u00eame le Vatican nous ouvre ses portes<\/em>, s’enflamme Kevin Chang, alors qu’il s’agit de la ‘biblioth\u00e8que secr\u00e8te’ du Vatican. Mais la Biblioth\u00e8que Nationale de France refuse de nous laisser filmer le livre.\u00a0\u00bb<\/em> S’agit-il d’un probl\u00e8me d’argent ? Comme de nombreuses institutions, la BNF demande aux \u00e9quipes de t\u00e9l\u00e9vision de participer aux frais entra\u00een\u00e9s par ce genre de tournage. \n
Le livre en question fait partie du programme \u00ab\u00a0m\u00e9moire du monde\u00a0\u00bb<\/em> de l’UNESCO. Il appartient surtout au fond ancien de la biblioth\u00e8que. Autrement dit, impossible de le manipuler sans la pr\u00e9sence d’un conservateur. L’intervention de ce dernier et la pr\u00e9paration du tournage sont factur\u00e9s 220 euros de l’heure. Le producteur nous interrompt : \u00ab\u00a0Ce n’est pas un probl\u00e8me d’argent, nous \u00e9tions dispos\u00e9s \u00e0 payer ! C’est un probl\u00e8me politique ! Quand Madame Park a red\u00e9couvert le livre dans les r\u00e9serves de la biblioth\u00e8que \u00e0 la fin des ann\u00e9es 1960, ils l’ont accus\u00e9 d’espionnage.\u00a0\u00bb<\/em> D\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9e en 2011, Park Byung-sun a effectivement travaill\u00e9 \u00e0 la BNF sur le fond oriental et a contribu\u00e9 dans les ann\u00e9es 60 \u00e0 la red\u00e9couverte du Jikji<\/em>, r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 une premi\u00e8re fois au public en 1901 par Maurice Courant dans sa c\u00e9l\u00e8bre Bibliographie cor\u00e9enne<\/em>. En 1972, la Biblioth\u00e8que Nationale de France lui consacrera une exposition, et depuis plus rien !\t<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n
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Patate chaude diplomatique<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
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\n\t\tLa BNF a visiblement h\u00e9sit\u00e9 \u00e0 nous r\u00e9pondre. \u00ab\u00a0Ce n’est pas mon service, mais les conservateurs qui ont bloqu\u00e9 la demande de tournage, nous explique la responsable de la communication au t\u00e9l\u00e9phone. Ils ont consid\u00e9r\u00e9 que le sc\u00e9nario qui leur \u00e9tait propos\u00e9 ne r\u00e9pondait pas \u00e0 des crit\u00e8res scientifiques. Le manuscrit est tr\u00e8s fragile, aussi leur a-t-on propos\u00e9 une version num\u00e9ris\u00e9e de tr\u00e8s bonne qualit\u00e9.\u00a0\u00bb<\/em> \n
Des autorisations \u00e0 la gueule du sc\u00e9nario, des conservateurs seuls ma\u00eetres \u00e0 bord et probablement tr\u00e8s (trop?) sollicit\u00e9s par les demandes de tournage venues de Cor\u00e9e… \u00ab\u00a0Ce sont les r\u00e8gles de la BNF et nous ne pouvons pas interf\u00e9rer\u00a0\u00bb<\/em>, nous expliquera plus tard d’une voix h\u00e9sitante le service de presse du Centre Culturel Cor\u00e9en \u00e0 Paris. Il est vrai que le sujet est sensible. Le centre est responsable de la programmation de ces ann\u00e9es crois\u00e9es avec les Instituts Fran\u00e7ais. \u00ab\u00a0On r\u00e9fl\u00e9chit \u00e0 ‘faire quelque chose’ autour du Jikji l’ann\u00e9e prochaine, \u00e0 l’occasion de l’ann\u00e9e de la France en Cor\u00e9e, poursuit notre interlocutrice. Ce n’est pas s\u00fbr, pour l’instant, on ne sait pas.\u00a0\u00bb<\/em> <\/p>\n
\u00ab\u00a0Aucune promotion n’est organis\u00e9e autour du Jikji… la BNF ne fait pas son travail de vulgarisation aupr\u00e8s du public\u00a0\u00bb<\/em>, se lamente encore Kevin Chang. Les 38 pages du livre attribu\u00e9es au moine bouddhiste Seon Baegun restent en effet une patate chaude entre Paris et S\u00e9oul, alors que certains en Cor\u00e9e militent pour le retour de l’imprim\u00e9 au pays. Difficile dans ces conditions de mettre le sujet sur la table alors qu’on c\u00e9l\u00e8bre le 130\u00e8me anniversaire des relations diplomatiques entre la Cor\u00e9e et la France.\t<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n
\n\t
\n\t\tSt\u00e9phane Lagarde<\/strong>\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n
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\n\t\tA d\u00e9couvrir sur ce lien, le Jikji<\/em> enti\u00e8rement num\u00e9ris\u00e9<\/a> par la Biblioth\u00e8que Nationale de France (BNF Gallica).<\/strong>\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\t
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Soutenez-nous !<\/h3>\n\t\t
Asialyst est con\u00e7u par une \u00e9quipe compos\u00e9e \u00e0 100 % de b\u00e9n\u00e9voles et gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 un r\u00e9seau de contributeurs en Asie ou ailleurs, journalistes, experts, universitaires, consultants ou anciens diplomates... Notre seul but : partager la connaissance de l'Asie au plus large public.<\/p>\n\t\t Faire un don<\/a>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n\t
\n\t\t
Tags de l'article<\/h5>\n\t\t
Asie du Nord-Est<\/a><\/li>
Cor\u00e9e du Sud<\/a><\/li>
France<\/a><\/li>
Imprimerie<\/a><\/li>
Regards<\/a><\/li><\/ul>
\t<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t Share on Facebook<\/a>Share on Twitter<\/a>Share on Linkedin<\/a>Share on Pinterest<\/a>\t \t <\/div>\r\n\t \n
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A propos de l'auteur<\/h5>\n\t\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tSt\u00e9phane Lagarde\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\tSt\u00e9phane Lagarde est l'envoy\u00e9 sp\u00e9cial permanent de Radio France Internationale \u00e0 P\u00e9kin. Co-fondateur d'Asialyst, ancien correspondant en Cor\u00e9e du Sud, il est tomb\u00e9 dans la potion nord-est asiatique il y a une vingtaine d\u2019ann\u00e9es.\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n[asl-front-abonnez-vous]\n
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On vous recommande<\/h5>\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
$\"Un$ <\/span>Soci\u00e9t\u00e9<\/span>
Quel mod\u00e8le pour la Cor\u00e9e demain?<\/h4><\/span><\/a><\/li>
$\"La$ <\/span>Economie<\/span>
Cor\u00e9e du Sud : g\u00e9n\u00e9alogie d\u2019un miracle<\/h4><\/span><\/a><\/li>\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Avant Gutenberg, la Cor\u00e9e inventait l’imprimerie \u00e0 caract\u00e8res mobiles en m\u00e9tal. Premier imprim\u00e9, le Jikji, anthologie du zen, se cache \u00e0 Paris.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":19,"featured_media":4951,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[23,152,294,457,194],"class_list":["post-4946","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-culture","tag-asie-du-nord-est","tag-coree-du-sud","tag-france","tag-imprimerie","tag-regards"],"yoast_head":"\nAnn\u00e9es France-Cor\u00e9e : le document oubli\u00e9 - Asialyst<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Avant Gutenberg, la Cor\u00e9e inventait l'imprimerie \u00e0 caract\u00e8res mobiles en m\u00e9tal. 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A propos de l'auteur<\/h5>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t