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\n\t\tEn Malaisie comme en Tha\u00eflande, le recours aux migrants est certes une mani\u00e8re de s’adapter par le bas \u00e0 la concurrence de la Chine. Mais il freine aussi la mont\u00e9e en gamme, et donc un ajustement par le haut.\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\t

D’o\u00f9 viennent les migrants ?<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
\n\t
\n\t\tEntre 1990 et 2010, le volume de migrants en Asie du Sud-Est a tripl\u00e9 en augmentant de 6 millions – un peu moins qu’en Europe de l’Ouest (7 millions). Depuis, sa progression a \u00e9t\u00e9 plus lente (1,2 million en sept ans au lieu de 4 millions en Europe de l’Ouest). Les migrants repr\u00e9sentent 40 % de la population au travail \u00e0 Singapour, 10 % en Tha\u00eflande et 20 % en Malaisie – en incorporant dans ces deux pays le nombre estim\u00e9 de travailleurs.\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n
\n\t
\n\t\tL’Asie du Sud-Est rassemble des pays structurellement importateurs de main-d’\u0153uvre (Singapour, Malaisie, Tha\u00eflande) ou exportateurs de main-d’\u0153uvre (Indon\u00e9sie, Philippines, Myanmar, Cambodge, Laos et Vietnam). Dans les ann\u00e9es 1980 et 1990, Indon\u00e9siens (en Malaisie et Singapour), Malaisiens et Philippins \u00e0 Singapour formaient les plus gros contingents intra-ASEAN. Ils ont c\u00e9d\u00e9 la place aux CLMV (Cambodge, Laos, Myanmar et Vietnam): le volume des migrants de ces pays dans le monde a augment\u00e9 de 3,7 millions entre 2000 et 2017. Les deux tiers d’entre eux ont migr\u00e9 en Asie du Sud-Est. Au contraire, durant la m\u00eame p\u00e9riode, le nombre de Philippins vivant \u00e0 l’\u00e9tranger progressaient de 2,5 millions, sans augmenter du tout en Asie du Sud-Est.\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n
\n\t
\n\t\t $\"Accroissement$ <\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t
\n\t\t \tAccroissement du volume de migrants en Asie du Sud-Est par pays de provenance, de 2010 \u00e0 2017. \t\t<\/figcaption>\n\t<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n
\n\t
\n\t\tA Singapour, la Malaisie (0,4), la Chine et l’Inde du Sud ont assur\u00e9 l’essentiel de la hausse entre 2000 et 2017. En Malaisie, l’immigration depuis les pays musulmans d’Asie du Sud (Bangladesh, Pakistan) a davantage augment\u00e9. Les Indon\u00e9siens restent les plus nombreux et leurs transferts vers l’Indon\u00e9sie – exportations de services – \u00e9taient \u00e9valu\u00e9s \u00e0 6 milliards de dollars en 2012. Soit davantage que les exportations de biens d’Indon\u00e9sie vers la Malaisie.\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n
\n\t
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Soutenez-nous !<\/h3>\n\t\t
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Tags de l'article<\/h5>\n\t\t
Asie du Sud-Est<\/a><\/li>
Birmanie<\/a><\/li>
Cambodge<\/a><\/li>
immigration<\/a><\/li>
Indon\u00e9sie<\/a><\/li>
Laos<\/a><\/li>
Malaisie<\/a><\/li>
migrants<\/a><\/li>
Myanmar<\/a><\/li>
Philppines<\/a><\/li>
Regards<\/a><\/li>
Singapour<\/a><\/li>
Thailande<\/a><\/li><\/ul>
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A propos de l'auteur<\/h5>\n\t\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tJean-Rapha\u00ebl Chaponni\u00e8re\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\tJean-Rapha\u00ebl Chaponni\u00e8re est membre du groupe Asie21 (Futuribles)<\/a> et chercheur associ\u00e9 \u00e0 Asia Centre. Il a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9conomiste \u00e0 l\u2019Agence Fran\u00e7aise de D\u00e9veloppement, conseiller \u00e9conomique aupr\u00e8s de l\u2019ambassade de France en Cor\u00e9e et en Turquie, et ing\u00e9nieur de recherche au CNRS pendant 25 ans. Il a publi\u00e9 avec Marc Lautier : \"Economie de l'Asie du Sud-Est, au carrefour de la mondialisation\"<\/a> (Br\u00e9al, 2018) et \"Les \u00e9conomies \u00e9mergentes d\u2019Asie, entre Etat et march\u00e9\" (Armand Colin, 270 pages, 2014).\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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On vous recommande<\/h5>\t\t\t
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$\"Le$ <\/span>Politique<\/span>
Qui contr\u00f4le la porte contr\u00f4le l\u2019espace : l\u2019Asie du Sud-Est sera-t-elle sinis\u00e9e ?<\/h4><\/span><\/a><\/li>
$\"Un$ <\/span>Environnement<\/span>
Le sable en Asie du Sud-Est : environnement contre g\u00e9opolitique<\/h4><\/span><\/a><\/li>\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Le contraste entre les trajectoires \u00e9conomiques des deux Cor\u00e9es est saisissant. Mais comment \u00e9valuer vraiment le commerce ext\u00e9rieur de Pyongyang ?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":16,"featured_media":39174,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":true,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[14,46,77,334,105,251,44,129,285,1453,194,13,64],"class_list":["post-39161","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-economie","tag-asie-du-sud-est","tag-birmanie","tag-cambodge","tag-immigration","tag-indonesie","tag-laos","tag-malaisie","tag-migrants","tag-myanmar","tag-philppines","tag-regards","tag-singapour","tag-thailande"],"yoast_head":"\nAsie du Sud-Est : d'o\u00f9 viennent les migrants aujourd'hui ? - Asialyst<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Les migrants en provenance des "CLMV" (Cambodge, Laos, Myanmar et Vietnam) dominent les migrations internes \u00e0 l'Asie du Sud-Est. 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Il a publi\u00e9 avec Marc Lautier : \"Economie de l'Asie du Sud-Est, au carrefour de la mondialisation\" (Br\u00e9al, 2018) et \"Les \u00e9conomies \u00e9mergentes d\u2019Asie, entre Etat et march\u00e9\" (Armand Colin, 270 pages, 2014).","url":"https:\/\/asialyst.com\/fr\/auteur\/jean-raphael-chaponniere\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/asialyst.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39161","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/asialyst.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/asialyst.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/asialyst.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/16"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/asialyst.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=39161"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/asialyst.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39161\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":39175,"href":"https:\/\/asialyst.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39161\/revisions\/39175"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/asialyst.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/39174"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/asialyst.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=39161"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/asialyst.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=39161"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/asialyst.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=39161"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}

A propos de l'auteur<\/h5>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t